sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

61. A basketball arena, an airliner, a slice of pizza, and a television set can all be considered examples of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Material culture.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, IB Geography, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Material culture refers to physical objects created, used, or modified by humans. These objects can include buildings, vehicles, food items, and electronic devices.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse material culture with nonmaterial culture, which includes ideas, beliefs, and values.

Explanations: A basketball arena, an airliner, a slice of pizza, and a television set are all physical objects that are created or modified by humans. Therefore, they are examples of material culture.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Xenocentrism is the preference for foreign or exotic things over those of one's own culture, which is not relevant to the question.
Option B: Nonmaterial culture includes ideas, beliefs, and values, not physical objects.
Option C: Material culture includes physical objects created, used, or modified by humans, which fits the examples given.
Option D: Argot is a specialized language used by a particular group, which is not related to the physical objects mentioned.

62. According to the Church-sect continuum, which of the following groups has the most influence over society?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Church.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Religious Studies exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Church-sect continuum is a sociological model that describes the relationship between religious groups and society. Churches are typically more integrated into society and have a broader influence, while sects are more separate and have less influence.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the terms "church" and "sect," leading to incorrect selection of sect as the answer.

Explanations: Churches are more integrated into society and have a broader influence over societal norms and values. They are typically more established and have a larger membership base, which allows them to exert more influence over society compared to sects, cults, or new religious movements.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sects are generally more separate from society and have less influence over societal norms and values.
Option B: Churches are more integrated into society and have a broader influence over societal norms and values.
Option C: Cults or new religious movements are often on the fringes of society and have limited influence over societal norms and values.
Option D: Denominations are branches within a larger religious tradition and may have varying levels of influence, but typically not as broad as churches.

Mnemonic: C-H-I-R-C-H: "Church Has Influence, Reach, and Credibility in Harmony"

63. Material culture is always product of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Material culture encompasses the physical objects and artifacts created by a society. These objects are influenced by knowledge, ideas, and both material and non-material aspects of culture.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the non-material aspects of culture, such as beliefs and values, which also shape material culture.

Explanations: Material culture is the tangible expression of a society's knowledge and ideas. It includes physical objects that are shaped by both material and non-material cultural elements. Knowledge and ideas are fundamental in shaping the design, function, and significance of material objects. Non-material aspects, such as beliefs, values, and social norms, also influence the creation and use of these objects. Therefore, material culture is a product of all these factors.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Knowledge is a component of material culture, but it is not the sole factor.
Option B: Ideas are also a component, but they alone do not fully explain material culture.
Option C: Material and non-material aspects are both important, but this option does not include knowledge and ideas.
Option D: This option correctly identifies that material culture is influenced by knowledge, ideas, and both material and non-material aspects.

64. The ability to influence others to do your will

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Power.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, LSAT, MBA entrance exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Power is defined as the ability to influence others to do your will.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse power with wealth, thinking that having more money automatically means having more influence.

Explanations: Power is the ability to influence others to do your will. This aligns with the definition provided in the question. Wealth, prestige, and education do not inherently provide the ability to influence others in the same direct manner.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Power is the ability to influence others to do your will.
Option B: Incorrect. Wealth is the possession of valuable material assets, not the ability to influence others.
Option C: Incorrect. Prestige is a state of being respected and honored, not the ability to influence others.
Option D: Incorrect. Education is the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, not the ability to influence others.

Mnemonic: P-I-O-W: Power Influences Others' Will

65. Which is an example of a Fictitious Hero

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Darna.

Exam Relevance: Philippine History, Literature Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A fictitious hero is a character that does not exist in reality and is created for fictional stories or media.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse historical figures with fictitious heroes, mistaking real-life individuals for fictional characters.

Explanations: Darna is a fictional character created for comic books and other media. She is not a real person and therefore qualifies as a fictitious hero. Jose Rizal and Andres Bonifacio are historical figures who actually lived and played significant roles in Philippine history, making them not fictitious.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Jose Rizal is a historical figure, not a fictitious hero.
Option B: Darna is a fictional character, fitting the definition of a fictitious hero.
Option C: Andres Bonifacio is a historical figure, not a fictitious hero.
Option D: This option is not applicable as one of the other options is correct.

Mnemonic: D for Darna, D for Dream, D for Drama.

66. Marx said that the development of the labour movement through factory-based production would turn the working class into.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) A class for itself.

Exam Relevance: Political Science, Sociology, Philosophy, History

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Marx's theory of class consciousness distinguishes between a class in itself and a class for itself. A class in itself refers to a group of people who share a common position in the economic structure, while a class for itself refers to a group that is aware of its shared interests and acts collectively to achieve them.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse the terms "class in itself" and "class for itself," leading to incorrect answers.

Explanations: Marx believed that the development of the labor movement through factory-based production would transform the working class from a class in itself to a class for itself. This means that the working class would become aware of their shared interests and collective power, leading to organized action and potentially revolutionary change.

Option Analysis:

Option A: A class in itself refers to a group of people who share a common position in the economic structure but are not yet aware of their shared interests. This is not the correct answer as it does not reflect the transformation Marx described.
Option B: This option is incorrect as it is not a term used by Marx in his theory of class consciousness.
Option C: A class for itself refers to a group that is aware of its shared interests and acts collectively to achieve them. This is the correct answer as it aligns with Marx's theory of the labor movement's development.
Option D: A ruling class refers to a group that holds power and control over society, which is not the specific transformation Marx described in the context of the labor movement.

Mnemonic: Class for itself: Conscious and collective.

67. Which Sociologist would argue that forcing students to take a test structured to find out how well they learned materials from a national standardized curriculum, is just another way of forcing the people to conform to the government's agenda and keep them from realizing that they are playing into the government's hands instead of rising up and creating a paradise for the working class like they should be doing. Vive la revolution! (Purely theoretical, I am no way condoning the overthrow of the government!) 🙂 🙂

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Karl Marx.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Political Science exams, Social Theory exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Karl Marx's theory of class struggle and critique of capitalist society aligns with the idea that standardized testing can be seen as a tool for maintaining the status quo and preventing social revolution.

Common Mistakes: Students might confuse Karl Marx with other sociologists who also critique societal structures, such as Max Weber or Emile Durkheim, but their theories do not focus on the same level of class conflict and revolution.

Explanations: Karl Marx would argue that standardized testing is a mechanism used by the government to maintain control over the working class. He believed that the capitalist system uses various tools, including education, to perpetuate the exploitation of the working class. By forcing students to conform to a standardized curriculum, the government ensures that individuals do not question the existing power structures and instead accept their roles within the capitalist system. This aligns with Marx's view that the working class should rise up against the bourgeoisie to create a classless society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Karl Marx would argue that standardized testing is a tool for maintaining the status quo and preventing social revolution.
Option B: Max Weber focused on the rationalization of society and the role of bureaucracy, not on class struggle or revolution.
Option C: Emile Durkheim emphasized social integration and the importance of shared values, not on class conflict or revolution.
Option D: WEB Du Bois focused on racial inequality and the struggle for civil rights, not specifically on class conflict or revolution.

68. The socialized component that is aware of societal expectations

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Me.

Exam Relevance: Psychology exams, Social Psychology exams, Personality Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The "Me" in psychology refers to the socialized component of the self that is aware of societal expectations and norms.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "Me" with "I," which refers to the subjective experience of the self.

Explanations: The "Me" is the part of the self that is shaped by social interactions and societal expectations. It is the socialized component that understands and conforms to the norms and expectations of the society. This concept is distinct from the "I," which is the subjective, active, and spontaneous aspect of the self.

Option Analysis:

Option A: "I" refers to the subjective experience of the self, not the socialized component.
Option B: "Me" is the correct term for the socialized component of the self that is aware of societal expectations.
Option C: "Self" is a broader term that encompasses both the "I" and "Me" components.
Option D: "Socialization" is the process by which individuals learn societal norms, not the component of the self that is aware of these norms.

Mnemonic: Mnemonic: "Me" mirrors societal expectations.

69. A factory worker's son earns his way through college and eventually becomes a sociology professor. This is an example of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Intergenerational mobility.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Intergenerational mobility refers to changes in social status or economic position between generations within a family.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse intergenerational mobility with vertical mobility, which refers to changes in social status within the same generation.

Explanations: The scenario describes a son moving from a lower social and economic status (factory worker's son) to a higher status (sociology professor). This change occurs across generations, making it an example of intergenerational mobility.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Intergenerational mobility describes the change in social status between generations.
Option B: Incorrect. Horizontal mobility refers to changes in occupation or status within the same social level, not across generations.
Option C: Incorrect. Vertical mobility refers to changes in social status within the same generation, not across generations.
Option D: Incorrect. The caste system is a rigid social hierarchy, not a form of social mobility.

70. Deviance contributes to social change in that.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Some actions initially defined as deviant eventually become generally accepted.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Work exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Deviance can lead to social change as societal norms evolve over time.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that deviance is always negative and never contributes to social progress.

Explanations: Deviance often challenges existing social norms and can lead to changes in societal attitudes. Actions that were once considered deviant may become widely accepted as society evolves. This process of normalization is a key aspect of how deviance contributes to social change.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because not all deviants become leaders. Deviance does not inherently lead to leadership roles.
Option B: This option is incorrect because deviant acts do not always indicate outdated rules; they can also challenge existing norms.
Option C: This option is incorrect because deviance is not a fad; it is a persistent social phenomenon that can lead to significant changes.
Option D: This option is correct because actions initially defined as deviant can become accepted as societal norms change over time.

Mnemonic: Deviance to Norms: D2N

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 7”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

send me sociology mcq pdf
SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

Please send sociology mcq e book,,,, thank you,,,

3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 7”

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