sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

721. Ethno methodology is largely creation of Californian-based sociologist called

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Harold Garfunkel.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Ethnomethodology is a sociological approach that focuses on the way people make sense of their social world through everyday interactions. It was largely developed by Harold Garfunkel, a sociologist based in California.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse ethnomethodology with other sociological theories or may not be familiar with Harold Garfunkel's specific contributions to the field.

Explanations: Ethnomethodology is a sociological theory that examines how individuals use everyday methods to understand and produce social order. Harold Garfunkel, a sociologist based in California, is credited with developing this approach. His work focuses on the ways in which people use language and other forms of communication to create and maintain social norms and meanings.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Emile Durkheim is known for his work on social solidarity and the division of labor, not ethnomethodology.
Option B: Harold Garfunkel is the correct answer as he is the primary developer of ethnomethodology.
Option C: Max Weber is known for his work on rationalization and the Protestant Ethic, not ethnomethodology.
Option D: Karl Marx is known for his theories on class struggle and capitalism, not ethnomethodology.

Mnemonic: GARF: Garfunkel And Researching Folkways

722. Which of these focuses on community, where everyone knows everyone

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Gemeinschaft.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Anthropology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Gemeinschaft refers to a type of social organization characterized by close personal relationships and a strong sense of community.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Gemeinschaft with Gesellschaft, which refers to a more impersonal and goal-oriented form of social organization.

Explanations: Gemeinschaft focuses on community where everyone knows everyone, emphasizing close personal relationships and a strong sense of belonging. This concept contrasts with Gesellschaft, which is more impersonal and oriented towards individual goals and roles.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Gemeinschaft emphasizes close personal relationships and a strong sense of community.
Option B: Incorrect. Gesellschaft is characterized by impersonal and goal-oriented social relationships.
Option C: Incorrect. Only Gemeinschaft fits the description of a community where everyone knows everyone.
Option D: Incorrect. Gemeinschaft is the correct term for a community with close personal relationships.

Mnemonic: Gemeinschaft: "G" for "Group" - think of a tight-knit group.

723. C. Wright Mills was critical of social science and worked to connect the academic side of sociology to more tangible social debates of the time. In fact, a final heart attack that led to his death came the night before he was scheduled to participate in a televised debate about Latin America. For these reasons, what term would best exemplify C. Wright Mills?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Public intellectual.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Public Policy exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: A public intellectual is an individual who uses their expertise to engage with broader social issues and debates, often through media and public forums.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the term "public intellectual" with "conflict theorist," as both involve critical engagement with societal issues.

Explanations: C. Wright Mills is best described as a public intellectual because he sought to connect academic sociology with real-world social debates. His work aimed to make sociological insights accessible and relevant to the public, and his planned participation in a televised debate about Latin America further exemplifies his role as a public intellectual.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Macrosociology focuses on large-scale social structures and processes, which does not fully capture Mills' engagement with public debates.
Option B: Microsociology focuses on small-scale social interactions, which is not the primary focus of Mills' work.
Option C: Conflict theory emphasizes social conflict and inequality, but Mills' broader engagement with public discourse makes "public intellectual" a more fitting term.
Option D: Public intellectual accurately describes Mills' role in connecting academic sociology to public debates and social issues.

Mnemonic: Public Mills, Public Debate

724. One-to-one interactions and communications

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Symbolic Interactionism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Psychology exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Symbolic Interactionism focuses on the meanings individuals derive from social interactions and how these meanings are created, modified, and shared through communication.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Symbolic Interactionism with Structural Functionalism, which focuses on how different parts of society work together to maintain stability.

Explanations: Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes the importance of one-to-one interactions and communications in shaping individual behavior and social meanings. This theory posits that individuals interpret and give meaning to their social world through interactions, which aligns with the focus on one-to-one communications.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Symbolic Interactionism focuses on the meanings derived from one-to-one interactions and communications.
Option B: Incorrect. Conflict Theory focuses on power struggles and inequalities within society, not on one-to-one interactions.
Option C: Incorrect. Structural Functionalism emphasizes the stability and interdependence of social institutions, not individual interactions.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as Symbolic Interactionism is the correct answer.

725. A deliberate attempt to persuade the individual to accept a particular belief or to make a specific choice uncritically is.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Propaganda.

Exam Relevance: AP Government, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Propaganda is a form of communication aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of a group of people, often by presenting facts selectively to encourage a particular synthesis or perception.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse propaganda with education, as both can involve the dissemination of information. However, propaganda is characterized by its deliberate attempt to persuade uncritically, whereas education aims to foster critical thinking.

Explanations: Propaganda is the deliberate attempt to persuade individuals to accept a particular belief or make a specific choice without encouraging critical thinking. This aligns with the description given in the question. Brainwashing, instruction, and education do not necessarily involve the uncritical acceptance of beliefs or choices.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Brainwashing involves a more extreme and often coercive method of changing beliefs or behaviors, not just persuasion.
Option B: Instruction is the act of teaching or directing someone, but it does not necessarily involve persuasion or the discouragement of critical thinking.
Option C: Education aims to provide knowledge and foster critical thinking, which is the opposite of uncritical acceptance.
Option D: Propaganda fits the description as it is designed to persuade individuals to accept a particular belief or make a specific choice without encouraging critical thinking.

Mnemonic: PUSH: Persuade, Uncritical, Specific, Hasty

726. A large group of people exhibit the same state of mental agitation.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Mass Hysteria.

Exam Relevance: Sociology Exams, Psychology Exams, Social Work Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Mass Hysteria refers to a phenomenon where a large group of people exhibit the same state of mental agitation or physical symptoms without a clear medical cause.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Mass Hysteria with other social theories like Convergence Theory or Emergent Norm Theory, which focus more on the collective behavior and norms rather than the psychological state of the group.

Explanations: Mass Hysteria is characterized by a large group of people experiencing similar psychological symptoms or behaviors without a clear medical or physical cause. This aligns with the description of a large group exhibiting the same state of mental agitation. The other options do not specifically address the psychological aspect of the group's behavior.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Emergent Norm Theory explains how norms emerge in crowds, not the psychological state of the group.
Option B: Convergence Theory describes how individuals with similar motivations come together, not the psychological state of the group.
Option C: Mass Hysteria is the correct term for a large group exhibiting the same state of mental agitation.
Option D: Coalition refers to a group formed for a common purpose, not the psychological state of the group.

727. It includes knowledge and beliefs, norms and values, and signs and language.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Non-Material Culture.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Non-Material culture refers to the intangible aspects of culture, such as beliefs, values, norms, and language.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse non-material culture with material culture, which includes physical objects and artifacts.

Explanations: Non-Material culture encompasses the intangible elements of a society, including knowledge, beliefs, norms, values, and language. These elements are not physical but are essential for understanding the cultural framework of a society. The correct answer, Non-Material Culture, accurately reflects these intangible components.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Ideal Culture refers to the culture that people aspire to, not the actual components of culture.
Option B: Real Culture refers to the actual practices and behaviors of a society, not the intangible elements.
Option C: Non-Material Culture includes knowledge, beliefs, norms, values, and language, which are the correct components.
Option D: Popular Culture refers to widely accepted cultural elements, often influenced by media and entertainment, not the intangible aspects of culture.

728. Prejudice diminishes as.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) The economic status of minorities becomes equal to that of the majority.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, LSAT, SAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Economic equality between majority and minority groups can lead to reduced prejudice as it diminishes the economic disparities that often fuel discrimination and social tensions.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that assimilation or economic decline of minorities would reduce prejudice, but these do not address the root causes of economic inequality.

Explanations: Economic equality between majority and minority groups can lead to reduced prejudice. When economic status is equal, the disparities that often fuel discrimination and social tensions are minimized. This equalization can foster a more inclusive society where individuals are judged based on merit rather than their group identity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The majority becoming more oppressive would likely increase, not diminish, prejudice.
Option B: Assimilation may reduce cultural differences but does not address economic disparities, which are a significant factor in prejudice.
Option C: Economic equality between groups can reduce the disparities that fuel discrimination and social tensions.
Option D: Economic decline of minorities would likely increase, not diminish, prejudice.

Mnemonic: Economic Equality Erases Prejudice

729. Applied Sociology

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Use of sociology to solve problems.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Work exams, Public Policy exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Applied sociology involves using sociological theories and methods to address real-world issues and solve practical problems.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse applied sociology with theoretical sociology, which focuses more on developing and testing theories rather than solving practical problems.

Explanations: Applied sociology is the application of sociological knowledge to solve real-world problems. It involves using sociological theories, methods, and research to address social issues and improve social conditions. This distinguishes it from theoretical sociology, which is more focused on developing and testing sociological theories. Therefore, the correct answer is the use of sociology to solve problems.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option refers to a set of information that determines an individual's place within their community, which is more related to social stratification or social roles rather than applied sociology.
Option B: This option refers to beneficial consequences of people's actions, which is more related to the concept of positive externalities in economics or sociology, not applied sociology.
Option C: This option refers to consistency of results over time, which is more related to reliability in research methods, not applied sociology.
Option D: This option correctly identifies applied sociology as the use of sociology to solve problems, which aligns with the definition and purpose of applied sociology.

730. Qualitative research generally provides

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Richer data.

Exam Relevance: Research Methods, Social Science Exams, Psychology Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Qualitative research focuses on understanding concepts, thoughts, or experiences. It provides detailed, descriptive data that can offer deeper insights into the subject matter.

Common Mistakes: Students often confuse qualitative research with quantitative research, which focuses on numerical data and statistical analysis.

Explanations: Qualitative research is designed to provide a deeper understanding of the subject matter through detailed, descriptive data. This type of research often involves methods such as interviews, focus groups, and observations, which yield rich, nuanced information. The data collected is not numerical but rather descriptive, offering a more comprehensive view of the subject. This richness allows researchers to explore complex issues in greater depth, making it suitable for understanding the underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Qualitative research provides richer data through detailed descriptions and insights.
Option B: Incorrect. Qualitative research does not focus on numerical data, which is a characteristic of quantitative research.
Option C: Incorrect. Qualitative data can be complex and may require careful interpretation, which may not always be easily interpreted.
Option D: Incorrect. Qualitative research typically does not aim to collect large amounts of data but rather focuses on depth over breadth.

Mnemonic: RICH - Richer Insights through Comprehensive, Human-centric data.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 73”

Anonymous January 28, 2020

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 73”

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