sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

731. A testable statement of relationships among well-defined variables is called a .....?.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Hypothesis.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, GRE, MCAT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A hypothesis is a testable statement that proposes a relationship between variables.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a hypothesis with a theory or a research question.

Explanations: A hypothesis is a testable statement that proposes a relationship between variables. It is a foundational element in scientific research, allowing researchers to make predictions and test them through experiments or data analysis. The other options do not fit this definition: secondary analysis involves re-analyzing existing data, a case study is an in-depth examination of a single subject or event, and causation refers to a cause-and-effect relationship.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. A hypothesis is a testable statement of relationships among well-defined variables.
Option B: Incorrect. Secondary analysis involves re-analyzing existing data, not proposing a relationship between variables.
Option C: Incorrect. A case study is an in-depth examination of a single subject or event, not a testable statement of relationships.
Option D: Incorrect. Causation refers to a cause-and-effect relationship, not a testable statement of relationships among variables.

Mnemonic: HYP-Test: Hypothesis is Your Prediction to Test.

732. Socialization is extended to every part of human life As a result every one becomes both a socialiser and a socializee in all encounters with others This concept leaves socialization without a social home.This is the approach of.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Long & Hadden.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Psychology exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Socialization is a continuous process that occurs throughout life, involving both the socialization of others and being socialized by others. This concept suggests that socialization is not confined to a specific stage or setting but is pervasive in all social interactions.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that socialization is a one-time event or confined to early childhood, overlooking its ongoing nature in various social contexts.

Explanations: Long & Hadden's approach emphasizes that socialization is an ongoing process that occurs in every social interaction. This means that individuals are both socializers and socializees in all encounters with others, making socialization a pervasive and continuous aspect of human life. This perspective aligns with the idea that socialization does not have a specific "social home" but is integrated into all social contexts.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Arnett's approach focuses on emerging adulthood and the unique socialization processes during this life stage, not the pervasive nature of socialization throughout life.
Option B: Long & Hadden's approach is correct as it emphasizes the continuous and pervasive nature of socialization in all social interactions.
Option C: Henslin's approach focuses on the symbolic interactionist perspective, which examines how individuals interpret and give meaning to social interactions, but does not specifically address the pervasive nature of socialization.
Option D: This option is incorrect as the correct answer is provided by Long & Hadden.

733. Society, school/work, friend group, family, media, and location are what?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Key influences on ones culture.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, IB Sociology, High School Social Studies

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Culture is shaped by various factors that influence an individual's beliefs, values, and behaviors.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse subcultures with broader cultural influences, leading to incorrect selection of option A.

Explanations: Society, school/work, friend group, family, media, and location are all key influences on an individual's culture. These elements shape an individual's beliefs, values, and behaviors by providing social norms, values, and experiences. Each of these influences contributes to the formation and development of one's cultural identity.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Subcultures are smaller groups within a larger culture, not the broader influences on culture.
Option B: Correct. These elements are key influences on an individual's culture.
Option C: Sociological order refers to the structure and organization of society, not the influences on culture.
Option D: Sociological perspectives are theoretical frameworks used to understand society, not the influences on culture.

734. Interact means which of the following?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Act in such a way as to have an effect on each other; communicate or be involved directly.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, TOEFL

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The term "interact" refers to the process of individuals or entities influencing each other through communication or direct involvement.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "interact" with other social or organizational concepts, such as cultural groups or societal structures.

Explanations: The correct definition of "interact" is to act in such a way as to have an effect on each other, which involves communication or direct involvement. This definition aligns with the claimed correct answer, as it emphasizes the mutual influence and direct engagement between entities.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option describes a social group or subgroup, which is not related to the concept of interaction.
Option B: This option refers to an ordered method or plan, which is unrelated to the concept of interaction.
Option C: This option correctly defines "interact" as acting in a way that has an effect on each other, involving communication or direct involvement.
Option D: This option describes societal structures, which is not related to the concept of interaction.

735. The majority of the labor force is employed in service work

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Post-industrial.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, Sociology Exams, Economics Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In a post-industrial society, the majority of the labor force is employed in service work rather than manufacturing or agriculture.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the characteristics of post-industrial societies with those of industrial societies, where manufacturing is more prominent.

Explanations: A post-industrial society is characterized by a shift from manufacturing-based economies to service and information-based economies. In such societies, the majority of the workforce is engaged in service industries, including healthcare, education, finance, and technology. This reflects the economic and social changes that occur as a society moves beyond the industrial phase.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Post-industrial societies are marked by a significant portion of the labor force working in service industries.
Option B: Incorrect. Industrial societies are characterized by a focus on manufacturing and production, not service work.
Option C: Incorrect. Agricultural societies are primarily based on farming and agriculture, not service work.
Option D: Incorrect. Pastoral societies are based on herding and animal husbandry, not service work.

736. Which theorist argued that Verstehen was needed in research?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Max Weber.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Verstehen is a German term that refers to the interpretive understanding of human behavior and social action. It is a key concept in sociological research, particularly in qualitative methods.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Max Weber with other sociologists like Karl Marx or Herbert Spencer, who also contributed to sociological theory but did not specifically emphasize Verstehen.

Explanations: Max Weber argued that Verstehen was essential for understanding social actions. He believed that researchers needed to interpret the subjective meanings and motivations behind human behavior to fully comprehend social phenomena. This interpretive approach is central to Weber's methodology in sociology.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Max Weber emphasized the importance of Verstehen in sociological research.
Option B: Incorrect. Karl Marx focused on class struggle and economic determinism, not Verstehen.
Option C: Incorrect. Herbert Spencer is known for social Darwinism, not Verstehen.
Option D: Incorrect. This option is not applicable as Max Weber is the correct answer.

737. Sociology is science because of the following reasons, except.....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Sociology has a lack of objectivity.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Science exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Sociology is considered a science because it employs scientific methods, makes accurate observations, and describes cause-effect relationships. However, the lack of objectivity is not a characteristic that defines sociology as a science.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that sociology, like other sciences, is entirely objective. However, sociology often involves subjective interpretations of social phenomena.

Explanations: Sociology is recognized as a science because it uses scientific methods, makes accurate observations, and describes cause-effect relationships. These characteristics align with the scientific approach. However, the claim that sociology has a lack of objectivity is incorrect. While sociology can involve subjective interpretations, it still aims to be objective in its methods and findings. Therefore, the lack of objectivity is not a defining feature of sociology as a science.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Sociology does adopt scientific methods, which is a key characteristic of a science.
Option B: Sociology makes accurate observations, another characteristic of a science.
Option C: Sociology describes cause-effect relationships, which is also a characteristic of a science.
Option D: The lack of objectivity is not a characteristic that defines sociology as a science, making this the correct answer.

738. When a parent has a good attitude towards education and a good understanding of the education system

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Cultural capital.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, IB Sociology, A-Level Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Cultural capital refers to the non-financial social assets that promote social mobility beyond economic means. It includes knowledge, education, and cultural refinement.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse cultural capital with economic capital, which refers to financial resources and assets.

Explanations: A parent's good attitude towards education and understanding of the education system contributes to cultural capital. This knowledge and attitude can be passed on to children, enhancing their educational opportunities and social mobility.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Cultural capital includes the knowledge and attitudes that can be passed on to children, enhancing their educational opportunities.
Option B: Incorrect. Economic capital refers to financial resources and assets, not attitudes or knowledge.
Option C: Incorrect. Cultural deprivation refers to a lack of cultural resources, not a positive attitude towards education.
Option D: Incorrect. Social network refers to a network of relationships, not attitudes or knowledge about education.

739. A sociologist decides to study the interaction among students in the college's computer center. When the students realize they re under observation, they become shy and reserved in their interactions. This is an example of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) The Hawthorne effect.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Psychology exams, Research Methods exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Hawthorne effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals alter their behavior when they know they are being observed.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Hawthorne effect with other psychological phenomena, such as the placebo effect or observer bias.

Explanations: The Hawthorne effect is the correct answer because it describes the situation where the students' behavior changes due to their awareness of being observed. The sociologist's presence causes the students to become shy and reserved, which is a direct manifestation of the Hawthorne effect.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Replication refers to repeating a study to verify results, not to the change in behavior due to observation.
Option B: Secondary analysis involves re-analyzing existing data, not the change in behavior due to observation.
Option C: The Hawthorne effect is the correct answer as it describes the change in behavior due to being observed.
Option D: Value neutrality refers to the absence of bias in research, not the change in behavior due to observation.

740. The theoretical perspective that studies the fight between rich and poor. They view the world like a conspiracy theory of the rich against the poor.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Conflict Perspective.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Conflict Perspective in sociology focuses on the struggle between different social groups, particularly those with varying levels of power and resources. It often examines the dynamics between the rich and the poor, viewing society as a battleground where these groups compete for resources and power.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Conflict Perspective with the Functionalist Perspective, which views society as a system of interdependent parts working together to maintain stability.

Explanations: The Conflict Perspective is the correct answer because it specifically addresses the struggle between different social classes, particularly the rich and the poor. This perspective often views society as a place where the rich exploit the poor, leading to a constant state of conflict and tension. The idea of a conspiracy theory of the rich against the poor aligns with the Conflict Perspective's focus on power imbalances and social inequality.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The Conflict Perspective studies the struggle between different social groups, particularly the rich and the poor.
Option B: Incorrect. The Functionalist Perspective focuses on how different parts of society work together to maintain stability, not on conflict between social classes.
Option C: Incorrect. The Interactionist Perspective focuses on how individuals interact and construct meaning in everyday life, not on class conflict.
Option D: Incorrect. The correct answer is explicitly provided as the Conflict Perspective.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 74”

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020

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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 74”

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