sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

881. Which article of the Indian Constitution proclaims that "untouchability is abolished"?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Article 17.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, Civil Services, CLAT, Law Entrance Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes the practice of untouchability and declares it a punishable offense.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Article 17 with other articles related to social justice, such as Article 15 (prohibition of discrimination) or Article 16 (equality of opportunity in public employment).

Explanations: Article 17 of the Indian Constitution explicitly abolishes the practice of untouchability. This article ensures that no person shall be subjected to untouchability, and any practice that promotes untouchability is punishable by law. This provision is crucial for promoting social equality and eliminating caste-based discrimination.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Article 15 deals with prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
Option B: Article 16 deals with equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
Option C: Article 17 abolishes the practice of untouchability.
Option D: Article 18 abolishes titles.

882. What is not involved in leadership?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) The supremacy based on personality cult.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, GMAT, MBA entrance exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Leadership involves guiding and motivating a group towards a common goal, maintaining group norms and values, and fostering cooperation. Supremacy based on a personality cult is not a healthy or effective form of leadership.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse personality cult with charismatic leadership, which can be a component of effective leadership but is distinct from the unhealthy dominance implied by a personality cult.

Explanations: Leadership is characterized by the ability to guide and motivate a group towards a common goal, while maintaining group norms and values and fostering cooperation. The supremacy based on a personality cult, however, involves an unhealthy dominance and adulation of a single individual, which is not a constructive or effective form of leadership. Therefore, it is not involved in true leadership.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Understanding based on cooperation is a key aspect of leadership, as it involves working together towards a common goal.
Option B: Maintenance of group norms and values is essential in leadership to ensure consistency and cohesion within the group.
Option C: The supremacy based on personality cult is not a component of effective leadership, as it involves unhealthy dominance and adulation of an individual.
Option D: Goal motivation and role achievement are critical components of leadership, as they involve setting and achieving objectives and ensuring roles are fulfilled.

883. In India, education is the responsibility of

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Both (A) and (B).

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In India, the responsibility for education is shared between the Central Government and the State Governments.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that only the Central Government or only the State Governments are responsible for education.

Explanations: The Indian Constitution divides the responsibility for education between the Central Government and the State Governments. The Central Government formulates national policies and provides financial assistance, while the State Governments are responsible for implementing these policies and managing educational institutions within their respective states. This dual responsibility ensures a comprehensive approach to education across the country.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Incorrect, as the State Government alone is not solely responsible for education.
Option B: Incorrect, as the Central Government alone is not solely responsible for education.
Option C: Correct, as both the Central Government and State Governments share the responsibility for education.
Option D: Incorrect, as the responsibility is shared between the Central and State Governments.

Mnemonic: CSE: Central and State Education

884. Which institution has maximum control over education?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) State.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, Civil Service Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The state typically has the most control over education due to its role in setting educational policies, standards, and funding.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that families or religious institutions have the most control over education, overlooking the state's comprehensive role.

Explanations: The state has the authority to establish educational policies, set curriculum standards, and allocate funding for educational institutions. This comprehensive control over the educational system ensures uniformity and quality across the country. While families and religious institutions play significant roles, their influence is generally more localized and less systematic compared to the state's overarching control.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The state has the most control over education due to its role in setting policies, standards, and funding.
Option B: Families have significant influence but not the most control over education.
Option C: Religious institutions have influence in some areas but not the most control over education.
Option D: The economy influences education but does not have the most control over it.

Mnemonic: State Sets Standards

885. Who gives the system of education in India?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) State.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, SSC, Banking Exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: In India, the system of education is primarily provided by the state through its educational institutions and policies.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that families or society are the primary providers of education, overlooking the significant role of the state in structuring and delivering educational services.

Explanations: The state is responsible for establishing educational policies, funding schools, and ensuring the quality of education through standardized curricula and examinations. While families and society play supportive roles, the primary framework and delivery of education are state-driven.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. The state is the primary provider of education in India.
Option B: Incorrect. While families support education, they do not provide the system of education.
Option C: Incorrect. Society influences education but does not provide the system.
Option D: Incorrect. The economy affects educational funding but does not provide the system of education.

Mnemonic: SOS: State Organizes Schools

886. Political aim of education is

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) Democracy.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, Civil Service Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The political aim of education is to foster a democratic society by promoting values such as equality, participation, and civic responsibility.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the political aim of education with other political ideologies like secularism or constitutionalism, which are important but not the primary aim.

Explanations: Education plays a crucial role in shaping a democratic society. It aims to instill values such as equality, freedom, and civic responsibility in individuals. By promoting these values, education helps create informed and active citizens who can participate effectively in the democratic process. This aligns with the political aim of fostering a democratic society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Secularism is an important value but not the primary political aim of education.
Option B: Democracy is the correct answer as it encompasses the values and principles that education aims to promote.
Option C: Cosmopolitanism focuses on global citizenship but is not the primary political aim of education.
Option D: Constitutionalism is important for governance but not the primary political aim of education.

Mnemonic: DEMOCRACY: D - Democracy, E - Equality, M - Moral, O - Openness, C - Citizenship, R - Responsibility, A - Active, C - Civic, Y - Youth

887. On whose help are the educational institution depend maximum?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) State.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, GMAT, LSAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Educational institutions often rely heavily on state funding, regulations, and support for their operations and sustainability.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that families or communities provide the primary support for educational institutions.

Explanations: Educational institutions depend significantly on the state for financial support, infrastructure development, and policy frameworks. The state provides funding through various educational budgets, grants, and subsidies. Additionally, the state sets educational standards, curricula, and regulations that guide the functioning of educational institutions. This makes the state the primary source of support and influence for educational institutions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: State provides the primary financial and regulatory support for educational institutions.
Option B: Family support is crucial but not the primary source of institutional help.
Option C: Society plays a role but is not the main provider of institutional support.
Option D: Community support is important but secondary to state support.

Mnemonic: State Support, Sustains Schools

888. Which of the following sanctions can be applied for an offence by an individual in simple societies?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of these.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology exams, Sociology exams, Cultural Studies exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In simple societies, various types of sanctions can be applied to address offenses committed by individuals. These include moral, penal, and ritual sanctions.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that only one type of sanction is used in simple societies, overlooking the complexity and diversity of social control mechanisms.

Explanations: In simple societies, moral sanctions involve social disapproval and ostracism. Penal sanctions include physical punishment or fines. Ritual sanctions involve purification or atonement rituals. All these types of sanctions can be applied to address offenses, making "All of these" the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Moral sanctions are indeed used in simple societies to enforce social norms and punish offenders.
Option B: Penal sanctions, such as physical punishment or fines, are also common in simple societies to deter and punish offenses.
Option C: Ritual sanctions, involving purification or atonement rituals, are used to cleanse the offender and restore social harmony.
Option D: Since all the above types of sanctions can be applied, "All of these" is the correct answer.

Mnemonic: MORP: Moral, Ritual, Penal

889. In simple societies, deviations from an appropriate day to day behaviour are corrected by such social controls as

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of these.

Exam Relevance: Anthropology, Sociology, Social Psychology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: In simple societies, social controls such as gossip, ridicule, and mild ostracism are commonly used to correct deviations from appropriate day-to-day behavior.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that only one form of social control is used in simple societies, overlooking the combined effect of multiple social controls.

Explanations: In simple societies, social norms and behaviors are often maintained through a combination of social controls. Gossip can spread information about inappropriate behavior, ridicule can shame individuals into conforming, and mild ostracism can isolate those who deviate, encouraging them to return to acceptable behavior. Therefore, all of these methods are used together to correct deviations.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Gossip is a form of social control used in simple societies.
Option B: Ridicule is another form of social control used in simple societies.
Option C: Mild Ostracism is also a form of social control used in simple societies.
Option D: All of these methods are used together to correct deviations from appropriate behavior in simple societies.

Mnemonic: GROW: Gossip, Ridicule, Ostracism, Work together.

890. Which of the following simple societies possess distinct political institutions?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of these.

Exam Relevance: AP World History, IB History, A-Level History

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The question tests the understanding of political institutions in simple societies.

Common Mistakes: Students may incorrectly assume that only some of the listed societies have distinct political institutions.

Explanations: The Zulu, Ba Nyankole, and Ba Mangwato are all examples of simple societies that possess distinct political institutions. The Zulu have a centralized political structure with a king and a hierarchy of chiefs. The Ba Nyankole have a similar hierarchical system with a king and chiefs. The Ba Mangwato also have a traditional leadership structure with a chief and a council. Therefore, all of these societies have distinct political institutions.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The Zulu have a distinct political institution with a king and a hierarchy of chiefs.
Option B: The Ba Nyankole have a distinct political institution with a king and chiefs.
Option C: The Ba Mangwato have a distinct political institution with a chief and a council.
Option D: All of these societies have distinct political institutions.

Mnemonic: Zulu King, Nyankole King, Mangwato Chief

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 89”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 89”

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