sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

931. Which one of the following was not specified as an objective of social development by the World Development Summit (1995)?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Economic protectionism.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, Civil Services Exam, IAS Exam

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The World Development Summit (1995) focused on objectives related to social development, which included empowering people, strengthening their capacities, and supporting people's initiatives. Economic protectionism, which involves policies to shield domestic industries from foreign competition, was not an objective of social development at the summit.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse economic protectionism with other economic policies that might be related to social development, such as economic empowerment.

Explanations: The World Development Summit (1995) aimed to enhance social development through objectives like people empowerment, strengthening capacities, and supporting initiatives. Economic protectionism, which is more related to economic policy rather than social development, was not specified as an objective at the summit.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Economic protectionism was not an objective of social development at the World Development Summit (1995).
Option B: People empowerment was an objective of social development at the summit.
Option C: People's initiatives were an objective of social development at the summit.
Option D: Strengthening the capacities of the people was an objective of social development at the summit.

932. Who had given the theory of Social mobility?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Sorokin.

Exam Relevance: Sociology PhD exams, Social Science Research Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Pitirim Sorokin is known for his contributions to the theory of social mobility.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Sorokin with other sociologists who have contributed to social theory, such as Max Weber or Auguste Comte.

Explanations: Pitirim Sorokin developed a comprehensive theory of social mobility, which includes the movement of individuals or groups within a social hierarchy. His work focused on the patterns and causes of social mobility, making him a key figure in this area of sociology.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Sorokin is recognized for his theory of social mobility.
Option B: Incorrect. Max Weber is known for his work on social stratification and bureaucracy, not specifically for social mobility.
Option C: Incorrect. Auguste Comte is known for founding sociology and the concept of positivism, not for social mobility.
Option D: Incorrect. J.S. Mill is known for his contributions to political philosophy and utilitarianism, not for social mobility.

Mnemonic: Sorokin's Social Shifts

933. Inquires on the interrelationship between population characteristics and dynamics with that of a political, economic, and social system

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Population and Demography.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, GRE Subject Test in Sociology, MCAT Social and Behavioral Sciences

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Population and Demography is the study of population characteristics and dynamics, including their relationships with political, economic, and social systems.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Population and Demography with Applied Sociology, which focuses more on the practical application of sociological principles to real-world issues.

Explanations: Population and Demography specifically examines the characteristics and dynamics of populations, such as size, growth, age structure, and migration patterns. It also explores how these factors interact with political, economic, and social systems. This makes it the most appropriate choice for the given question.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Population and Demography focuses on the study of population characteristics and dynamics and their interrelationship with political, economic, and social systems.
Option B: Incorrect. Applied Sociology focuses on the practical application of sociological principles to real-world issues, which is not the primary focus of the question.
Option C: Incorrect. Since Option A is the correct choice, this option is not applicable.
Option D: Incorrect. Since Option A is the correct choice, this option is not applicable.

934. An automated call that asks 2 questions about the upcoming election is an example of a(n) .....

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Poll.

Exam Relevance: AP Government, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: A poll is a survey or opinion poll that collects data from a sample of individuals to gauge opinions or preferences on a particular topic.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse a poll with an interview, which involves a more detailed, one-on-one conversation.

Explanations: An automated call that asks 2 questions about the upcoming election is an example of a poll because it is a method of collecting data from a sample of individuals to gauge their opinions or preferences on the election.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. A poll is a survey that collects data from a sample of individuals to gauge opinions or preferences on a particular topic.
Option B: Incorrect. An interview involves a more detailed, one-on-one conversation, not a brief, automated call.
Option C: Incorrect. Program evaluation assesses the effectiveness of a program, not individual opinions on an election.
Option D: Incorrect. A case study involves an in-depth analysis of a specific situation or individual, not a brief survey.

935. Which statement is an example of stereotyping?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) All blacks are good basketball players.

Exam Relevance: SAT, ACT, AP Psychology

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Stereotyping involves making assumptions about a group of people based on their shared characteristics, often leading to oversimplified and generalized beliefs.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse stereotyping with making individual assessments based on personal merit.

Explanations: Stereotyping is the act of attributing certain characteristics or abilities to a group of people based on their race, ethnicity, or other shared traits. The statement "All blacks are good basketball players" is a stereotype because it generalizes a specific ability to an entire racial group without considering individual differences.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This statement promotes individual assessment, which is the opposite of stereotyping.
Option B: This statement is a stereotype because it generalizes a specific ability to an entire racial group.
Option C: This statement acknowledges individual differences within groups, which is not stereotyping.
Option D: This statement recognizes that talent is not exclusive to any one group, which is not stereotyping.

936. Rejecting the norms of society

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Negative deviance.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Criminology exams, Psychology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Negative deviance refers to behaviors that deviate from societal norms in a way that is considered harmful or undesirable.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse negative deviance with positive deviance, which involves behaviors that deviate from norms but are seen as beneficial or innovative.

Explanations: Negative deviance involves actions that go against societal norms and are generally viewed as harmful or undesirable. Rejecting the norms of society often leads to behaviors that are considered deviant and negative, such as criminal activities, substance abuse, or other forms of antisocial behavior. This aligns with the concept of negative deviance, making it the correct answer.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Stigma refers to a mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person, but does not directly relate to the act of rejecting societal norms.
Option B: Rehabilitization is the process of restoring someone to a useful place in society, which is not directly related to the act of rejecting societal norms.
Option C: Negative deviance is the correct answer as it involves behaviors that deviate from societal norms in a harmful or undesirable way.
Option D: Control theory focuses on the factors that prevent individuals from engaging in deviant behavior, rather than the act of rejecting societal norms.

937. Social life should be undedrstood from the viewpoint of the individuals involved.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Symbolic Interactionism.

Exam Relevance: Sociology exams, Social Theory exams, Anthropology exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Symbolic Interactionism focuses on the subjective meanings individuals attach to their social interactions and experiences.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse Symbolic Interactionism with Functionalism, which focuses on the stability and equilibrium of society.

Explanations: Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes the importance of individual perspectives and meanings in social life. It argues that social life should be understood from the viewpoint of the individuals involved, as they interpret and give meaning to their interactions. This aligns with the statement that social life should be understood from the viewpoint of the individuals involved.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Functionalism focuses on the stability and equilibrium of society, not on individual perspectives.
Option B: Conflict Theory emphasizes the struggle for resources and power, not individual meanings.
Option C: Symbolic Interactionism focuses on individual meanings and perspectives in social interactions.
Option D: None of the above is incorrect as Symbolic Interactionism is the correct answer.

938. Group that shares only a part of their lives while focused on a goal or task.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Secondary Group.

Exam Relevance: AP Sociology, IB Psychology, High School Sociology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Secondary groups are characterized by a more formal structure and a focus on specific tasks or goals. Members of secondary groups typically interact for a limited period and share only a part of their lives.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse secondary groups with primary groups, which involve more intimate, long-term relationships.

Explanations: Secondary groups are defined by their focus on specific tasks or goals, and members share only a part of their lives. This aligns with the description provided in the question. Unlike primary groups, which involve close, personal relationships, secondary groups are more formal and task-oriented.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Tertiary Group is not a standard sociological term and does not fit the description.
Option B: Control Group is a term used in experimental research, not in sociological group theory.
Option C: Secondary Group fits the description of a group that shares only a part of their lives while focused on a goal or task.
Option D: Primary Group involves close, personal relationships, which does not match the description given.

939. Which one of the following statements correctly identify 'subaltern perspective'?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (C) Approach history from below, focused more on what happens among masses at the base level of society.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, Civil Services, IAS, Competitive History Exams

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The subaltern perspective is a method of studying history that emphasizes the experiences and perspectives of marginalized groups, often from the bottom-up rather than the top-down.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the subaltern perspective with elite-focused studies or modernization theories.

Explanations: The subaltern perspective focuses on the experiences and histories of marginalized groups, often from the bottom-up. This approach seeks to understand the lives and struggles of the masses, rather than the elite or dominant groups. It is a method of studying history that aims to give voice to those who have been historically silenced or overlooked.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because the subaltern perspective does not focus on the elite's point of view. Instead, it aims to study the experiences of marginalized groups.
Option B: This option is incorrect because the subaltern perspective is not specifically about changes in developed countries. It can be applied to any society, regardless of its level of development.
Option C: This option is correct because the subaltern perspective focuses on studying history from the perspective of the masses, which aligns with the concept of "history from below."
Option D: This option is incorrect because the subaltern perspective is not specifically about postmodern societies. It can be applied to any historical context.

Mnemonic: Subaltern: Study the Subordinate

940. What is the best descriptor for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Instrumental leadership.

Exam Relevance: Organizational Behavior, Management, Psychology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Instrumental leadership focuses on the completion of tasks and the achievement of goals within a group.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse instrumental leadership with authoritarian leadership, which also emphasizes task completion but does so through a more rigid and directive approach.

Explanations: Instrumental leadership is characterized by a focus on task completion and goal achievement. Leaders who adopt this style prioritize the accomplishment of specific objectives and the efficient use of resources. This makes it the best descriptor for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Democratic leadership involves a participatory decision-making process and is not primarily focused on task completion.
Option B: Authoritarian leadership is directive and controlling, but it is not the best descriptor for task completion as it can be too rigid.
Option C: Expressive leadership focuses on the emotional and social needs of group members, rather than task completion.
Option D: Instrumental leadership is the best descriptor for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks.

Mnemonic: Task-Driven, Goal-Oriented, Efficient (T.G.E.)

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 94”

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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 94”

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