sociology MCQ questions answers – Change your future

971. It is true of the population of the United States that.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) It is BOTH older and more female.

Exam Relevance: AP Human Geography, SAT, ACT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The population of the United States is characterized by an aging demographic and a higher proportion of women.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that only one of the conditions (older or more female) applies, rather than both.

Explanations: The United States has an aging population due to factors such as increased life expectancy and lower birth rates. Additionally, women generally have a longer life expectancy than men, leading to a higher proportion of women in the population. Therefore, the population is both older and more female.

Option Analysis:

Option A: The population is getting older, which is true, but it does not fully capture the complete demographic trend.
Option B: There are more women than men, which is true, but it does not fully capture the complete demographic trend.
Option C: Rural and sunbelt areas attract only the young, which is not accurate as these areas attract a diverse age range.
Option D: It is BOTH older and more female, which accurately reflects the demographic trends in the United States.

972. Which of the following is correct?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Christianity is the largest religion in South Africa.

Exam Relevance: GRE, GMAT, IAS, UPSC

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Christianity is the predominant religion in South Africa, with a significant majority of the population identifying as Christian.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that Islam or Hinduism is the largest religion in South Africa due to the global prominence of these religions.

Explanations: Christianity is the largest religion in South Africa, with approximately 70-80% of the population identifying as Christian. This is due to historical influences, including the spread of Christianity during the colonial era and its continued growth through various denominations. The other religions mentioned (Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism) have smaller followings in South Africa.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Islam is not the largest religion in Germany. Christianity is the predominant religion in Germany.
Option B: Buddhism is not the largest religion in Nepal. Hinduism is the predominant religion in Nepal.
Option C: Hinduism is not the largest religion in Pakistan. Islam is the predominant religion in Pakistan.
Option D: Christianity is the largest religion in South Africa.

Mnemonic: C-S-A: Christianity South Africa

973. A society where the bulk of this production is carried out with machines in factories, with unskilled workers replacing skilled craftsmen.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Industrial.

Exam Relevance: AP World History, IB History, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The Industrial Revolution marked a significant shift from manual labor to machine-based manufacturing, characterized by the use of factories and unskilled labor.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse the Industrial Revolution with the Agricultural Revolution, which focused on improvements in farming techniques rather than factory-based production.

Explanations: The Industrial Revolution introduced the use of machines and factories, which replaced traditional craftsmanship and manual labor. This period saw a shift towards mass production and the employment of unskilled workers to operate machinery, distinguishing it from earlier economic systems.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Hunter-Gatherer societies rely on foraging and hunting for subsistence, not on industrial production.
Option B: Pastoral societies focus on herding and animal husbandry, not on factory-based production.
Option C: Agricultural societies are centered around farming and crop cultivation, not on industrial manufacturing.
Option D: Industrial societies are characterized by factory-based production, mass manufacturing, and the use of unskilled labor to operate machinery.

Mnemonic: Factories, Machines, Unskilled (F.M.U.)

974. Which is NOT a characteristic of a bureaucracy?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Promotion based on personal relationships.

Exam Relevance: Public Administration, Organizational Behavior, Management

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Bureaucracies are characterized by their emphasis on efficiency, a clear division of labor, and a hierarchical structure. Promotion within a bureaucracy is typically based on merit and performance rather than personal relationships.

Common Mistakes: Students may mistakenly believe that personal relationships play a significant role in bureaucratic promotion, confusing it with more informal organizational structures.

Explanations: Bureaucracies are designed to operate efficiently and systematically. They rely on a clear division of labor, where tasks are specialized, and a hierarchy of authority, where decisions are made based on rank. Promotion within a bureaucracy is based on merit and performance, not personal relationships. Therefore, promotion based on personal relationships is not a characteristic of a bureaucracy.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Efficiency is a core characteristic of a bureaucracy, ensuring tasks are completed in a systematic and effective manner.
Option B: Division of labor is a key feature, where tasks are specialized to improve efficiency and expertise.
Option C: A hierarchy of authority is essential, with clear lines of command and responsibility.
Option D: Promotion based on personal relationships is not a characteristic of a bureaucracy, as it contradicts the principles of merit and efficiency.

Mnemonic: MERIT: Merit, Efficiency, Roles, Institutional, Task-oriented

975. Consider the following Statements: a survey is useful when a soiologist wants to study a large number of people The Jewish Synagogue is found in fort Kochi. The contemporary world allow us not to rely on written or audio or visual records. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Only 1, 2.

Exam Relevance: UPSC, GRE, GMAT

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: The correct answer is based on the validity of the statements provided. Statement 1 is true because surveys are a common method for sociologists to gather data from a large number of people. Statement 2 is true as the Jewish Synagogue is indeed located in Fort Kochi, India. Statement 3 is false because the contemporary world still relies heavily on written, audio, and visual records for various purposes.

Common Mistakes: Students might incorrectly assume that the contemporary world has moved away from written or audio records, leading them to believe statement 3 is true.

Explanations: Statement 1 is true because surveys are a widely used method in sociology to collect data from a large number of people. Statement 2 is true as the Jewish Synagogue is located in Fort Kochi, India. Statement 3 is false because, despite technological advancements, the contemporary world still relies on written, audio, and visual records for documentation, communication, and preservation of information.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct, as statements 1 and 2 are true.
Option B: Incorrect, as statement 3 is false.
Option C: Incorrect, as statement 1 is true, but statement 3 is false.
Option D: Incorrect, as statement 2 is true, but statement 3 is false.

Mnemonic: Survey, Synagogue, Still Records

976. Using data collected by others but applying new interpretations

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) Secondary data analysis.

Exam Relevance: AP Statistics, GRE Psychology, Research Methods in Psychology

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Secondary data analysis involves using existing data collected by others and applying new interpretations or analyses to it.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse secondary data analysis with primary data collection, where data is collected directly by the researcher.

Explanations: Secondary data analysis is the process of using data that has already been collected by other researchers or organizations. This data is then analyzed to answer new research questions or to provide new insights. The key aspect is that the data is not newly collected but is reinterpreted or analyzed in a different context. This aligns with the description of using data collected by others but applying new interpretations.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Primary data involves collecting data directly for the specific research question, which does not match the description of using existing data.
Option B: Nonreactive research refers to methods where the researcher does not interact with the subjects, but it does not specifically address the use of existing data.
Option C: A case study involves an in-depth examination of a single subject or a small number of subjects, which does not align with the broader use of existing data.
Option D: Secondary data analysis involves using existing data and applying new interpretations, which matches the description provided.

977. Government.

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (D) All of the above.

Exam Relevance: Political Science, Public Administration, International Relations

Difficulty: Moderate

Concept notes: Government is a complex institution that encompasses multiple roles and functions.

Common Mistakes: Students may overlook the multifaceted nature of government and focus on a single aspect.

Explanations: Government is a pivotal institution as it plays a central role in society. It is also the acting arm of the state, implementing policies and laws. Additionally, government includes the political process, which involves elections, decision-making, and governance. Therefore, all the given statements are correct, making the answer "All of the above."

Option Analysis:

Option A: Government is indeed a pivotal institution, as it is essential for the functioning of society.
Option B: Government acts as the arm of the state, executing laws and policies.
Option C: Government involves the political process, including elections and governance.
Option D: Since all the previous options are correct, "All of the above" is the correct answer.

Mnemonic: GPA: Government, Pivotal, Acting

978. Members identify as "we"

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) In group.

Exam Relevance: Psychology exams, Sociology exams, Social Work exams

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: The term "in group" refers to a social group to which an individual feels they belong and identifies with. Members of an in-group often use "we" to refer to themselves, indicating a sense of belonging and shared identity.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse "in group" with "out group," which refers to a group to which an individual does not belong and may view with less favor.

Explanations: Members identifying as "we" indicates a sense of belonging and shared identity, which is characteristic of an in-group. This term is used to describe a group to which an individual feels they belong and identifies with.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Members identifying as "we" indicates a sense of belonging and shared identity, which is characteristic of an in-group.
Option B: Incorrect. "Out group" refers to a group to which an individual does not belong and may view with less favor.
Option C: Incorrect. "Open group" typically refers to a group that allows new members to join easily, but does not necessarily indicate a sense of shared identity.
Option D: Incorrect. "Closed group" typically refers to a group that restricts new members from joining, but does not necessarily indicate a sense of shared identity.

979. A king or queen is an example

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (A) Traditional authority.

Exam Relevance: AP Government, IB Politics, A-Level Government and Politics

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Traditional authority is based on long-standing customs and beliefs, often associated with hereditary leadership roles.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse traditional authority with charismatic authority, which is based on the exceptional personal qualities of a leader.

Explanations: A king or queen is an example of traditional authority because their position is often hereditary and based on long-standing customs and beliefs. This form of authority is rooted in tradition and the established norms of society.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Correct. Traditional authority is based on hereditary roles and customs.
Option B: Incorrect. Charismatic authority is based on the exceptional personal qualities of a leader, not hereditary roles.
Option C: Incorrect. Socialism is an economic and political system, not a form of authority.
Option D: Incorrect. Oligopoly is a market structure, not a form of authority.

980. What are beliefs?

Correct Answer: Correct answer is: (B) General opinions or feelings about the nature of the world around us.

Exam Relevance: AP Psychology, IB Psychology, SAT Subject Tests

Difficulty: Easy

Concept notes: Beliefs are personal convictions or opinions that individuals hold about the world, often based on their experiences, values, and cultural background.

Common Mistakes: Students may confuse beliefs with actions or behaviors, thinking that beliefs are the same as how a person acts.

Explanations: Beliefs are internal convictions or opinions that individuals hold about the world. They are not actions or behaviors, nor are they the process of how values develop. They are also not related to cultural practices or ways of doing things. Instead, beliefs are general opinions or feelings about the nature of the world around us.

Option Analysis:

Option A: This option is incorrect because beliefs are not actions or behaviors. They are internal convictions.
Option B: This option is correct because beliefs are general opinions or feelings about the nature of the world around us.
Option C: This option is incorrect because beliefs are not the process of how values develop. They are personal convictions.
Option D: This option is incorrect because beliefs are not related to cultural practices or ways of doing things. They are internal opinions.

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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 98”

Anonymous January 28, 2020
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ghodwadikar anand April 19, 2020
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SHANKARAPPA D A September 12, 2020
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3 thoughts on “sociology MCQ questions answers - Set 98”

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